Systematic review of mesotherapy: a novel avenue for the treatment of hair loss.

Mesotherapy is a technique by which lower doses of therapeutic agents and bioactive substances are administered by intradermal injections to the skin. Through intradermal injections, mesotherapy can increase the residence time of therapeutic agents in the affected area, thus allowing for the use of lower doses and longer intervals between sessions which may in turn improve the treatment outcome and patient compliance. This systematic review aims to summarize the current literature that evaluates the efficacy of this technique for the treatment of hair loss and provides an overview of the results observed. Of the 416 records identified, 27 articles met the inclusion criteria. To date, mesotherapy using 6 classes of agents and their combinations have been studied; this includes dutasteride, minoxidil, growth factors or autologous suspension, botulinum toxin A, stem cells, and mesh solutions/multivitamins. While several studies report statistically significant improvements in hair growth after treatment, there is currently a lack of standardized regimens. The emergence of adverse effects after mesotherapy has been reported. Further large-scale and controlled clinical trials are warranted to evaluate the utility of mesotherapy for hair loss disorders.

Effects of mesotherapy introduction of compound glycyrrhizin injection on the treatment of moderate to severe acne.

BACKGROUND: Compound glycyrrhizin has achieved outstanding results in the treatment of various skin diseases. However, the use of mesotherapy to inject compound glycyrrhizin into the skin to treat acne is still understudied. AIMS: This paper aims to explore the effects of mesotherapy introduction of compound glycyrrhizin injection on the acne. MATERIALS & METHODS: A total of 108 patients were included in this study and divided into the control group (n = 54) and the observation group (n = 54). The control group was treated with topical clindamycin gel, while the study group was treated with topical clindamycin gel + mesotherapy and compound glycyrrhizin injection. Skin transepidermal water loss (TEWL), cuticle water content, acne severity, adverse reactions, and inflammatory reactions were documented before and after treatment in the two groups. RESULTS: The usage of mesotherapy to inject compound glycyrrhizin into the skin of acne patients more effectively treat acne than traditional clindamycin gel. The mesotherapy compound glycyrrhizin can more effectively protect the skin barrier of patients and reduce the loss of skin moisture. Compared with the traditional clindamycin gel, the combination of mesotherapy and compound glycyrrhizin more effectively inhibit the inflammatory reaction in acne patients and reduce skin damage in acne patients. DISCUSSION/CONCLUSION: Mesoderm introduction of compound glycyrrhizin injection has better effects on the treatment of moderate to severe acne than clindamycin gel.

[Atypical mycobacteriosis post mesotherapy]. / Micobacteriosis atípica post mesoterapia.

The use of aesthetic procedures that improve body image is constantly growing, as well as infections associated with them, such as atypical mycobacteriosis. Mesotherapy is a minimally invasive aesthetic procedure that consists of the application of substances that seek to stimulate the dermis and subcutaneous cellular tissue, for the treatment of cellulite and skin rejuvenation. We report a case of mycobacterial infection after mesotherapy in the buttocks and thighs that appeared as subcutaneous abscesses, they responded satisfactorily to prolonged antibiotic treatment with clarithromycin and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. Infections associated with mesotherapy have been reported in Spain, Latin America and the Caribbean, all possibly related to lack of health controls. We emphasize the importance of being aware of these infectious complications and the need to reinforce the necessary security measures to avoid them.

La utilización de procedimientos estéticos que mejoren la imagen corporal está en constante crecimiento, y también las infecciones asociadas a ellos, como las micobacteriosis atípicas. La mesoterapia es un procedimiento mínimamente invasivo que consiste en la aplicación de sustancias que buscan estimular la dermis y el tejido celular subcutáneo, para el tratamiento de la celulitis y el rejuvenecimiento de la piel. Reportamos un caso de infección micobacteriana posterior a una mesoterapia en glúteos y muslos que se presentó como abscesos subcutáneos, que respondieron satisfactoriamente al tratamiento antibiótico prolongado con claritromicina y trimetoprima-sulfametoxazol. Se han informado infecciones asociadas a mesoterapia en España, América Latina y el Caribe, que tendrían posiblemente un origen común: la falta de controles sanitarios. Destacamos la importancia de estar alertados sobre estas complicaciones infecciosas y la necesidad de reforzar las medidas de seguridad necesarias para evitarlas.

Alopecia After Cosmetic Injection Procedures: A Review.

BACKGROUND: Cosmetic procedures for antiaging carry inherent risks of adverse events. One that has not yet been well characterized is transitory or permanent alopecia. This is attributable to numerous mechanisms including pressure, ischemia, inflammation, and necrosis. Cases of postcosmetic procedure alopecia have been reported after mesotherapy as well as hyaluronic acid filler, deoxycholic acid, and botulinum toxin injections. OBJECTIVE: This review serves to describe the currently known causes of postcosmetic procedure alopecia and the mechanisms by which alopecia is attained. Furthermore, this review highlights the risk of unregulated mesotherapy injections for cosmetic enhancement and to bring attention to the increasing number reports of alopecia after these procedures. METHODS: A systematic review of the literature from 2000 to 2022 was conducted looking for keywords such as "alopecia," "cosmetic procedures," "mesotherapy," and "hyaluronic acid" in Google Scholar and PubMed. RESULTS: Ten articles met the criteria set forth in the authors' literature review. Many of the procedures resulted in partial or complete resolution of alopecia. CONCLUSION: Alopecia after cosmetic injection procedures is an underreported adverse effect. More research is needed to further characterize the risk of alopecia after mesotherapy and other injection procedures.

Current application of mesotherapy in pattern hair loss: A systematic review.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: As a minimally invasive procedure, mesotherapy has been used in the cosmetic field for half a century and gets favorable results in fat reduction, facial rejuvenation, and hair regrowth. So far, it has achieved some exciting progression in pattern hair loss (PHL), which bothers plenty of people and has cost billion dollars searching for more effective treatment. The aim of this study is to summarize the efficacy of mesotherapy treating PHL. METHODS: Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science were searched until January 2021. All literature was evaluated according to established criteria. RESULTS: We got 336 studies from searched databases, and 12 studies were included after selection process. A total of 253 males and 274 females participated in 6 randomized control trials, 2 nonrandomized controlled trials, and 3 observational studies. Mesotherapy showed positive efficacy in all studies to a certain extent, and no significant side effect occurred. CONCLUSION: Mesotherapy demonstrated as an effective treatment for PHL. However, the sample size is not big enough, and studies about mesotherapy compared to other treatments are insufficient. Future research is required to claim more evidence.

Frontal edema due to mesotherapy for androgenetic alopecia: A case series.

Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is the most common form of non-cicatricial alopecia in both genders. Currently approved drugs for the treatment of AGA include topical minoxidil in women and topical minoxidil and oral finasteride in men. Other routes of administration of approved drugs have been proposed to enhance therapeutic results for AGA, including intradermal injections, known as mesotherapy. Mesotherapy-or intradermotherapy-is a non-surgical procedure, consisting of multiple intradermal injections of pharmacological substances diluted in small doses. Although minimally invasive, mesotherapy may be related to mild side effects like burning, erythema and headaches, as a few reports indicate. Among the most serious adverse events, subcutaneous necrosis, scalp abscesses, and angioedema have been described. This multicenter retrospective, descriptive study aims to report 14 cases of frontal edema resulting from mesotherapy for AGA treatment. In our patients, the edema mostly arose in the first two sessions and lasted between 1 and 4 days, with a favorable outcome after a local cold compress. In all our cases of edema, lidocaine was the anesthetic used. Minoxidil and dutasteride might also play a role as causative agents. To the best of our knowledge, this is the largest case series focused on frontal edema after mesotherapy for AGA and gives clinicians helpful information for when performing this technique. Dermatologists should already consider and be conscious of this possible mesotherapy side effect, as it can be remarkably disruptive to affected patients.

Use of vibrating anesthetic device reduces the pain of mesotherapy injections: A randomized split-scalp study.

Pain evaluation during local injections is a complex process. Injections cause patient's distress, especially when the target is a sensitive area such as scalp. Nonpharmacological methods as vibration before and during the procedure have been used to reduce pain. Mesotherapy has become a popular nonsurgical procedure for nonscarring alopecia, such as androgenetic alopecia (AGA) and alopecia areata (AA). Vibration has been successfully used in dermatological procedures, pediatrics, and dentistry. No study was found on vibration anesthesia during scalp mesotherapy. To analyze the effect of a vibration anesthetic device (VAD) during scalp mesotherapy on the patients' comfort.This is a randomized split-scalp study; thirty patients received mesotherapy with or without VAD on half of their scalp. Numerical rating scale (NRS) was used to measure self-reported pain. To test difference in means and medians in comparing device use and by treatment (AGA or AA), Student's t tests and Wilcoxon signed rank tests were used. Overall mean pain score on the no vibration-assisted side was 8.0 ± 1.0 while pain score for the vibration side was 2.3 ± 1.5, for AGA (P < .001) and 7.4 ± 1.2 and 2.1 ± 1.3, respectively, for AA (P < .001). Findings were similar for medians. No complications were found following procedure. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study analyzing the effect of VAD in patients undergoing scalp mesotherapy. The VAD technique was found to be safe, effective, simple, and suitable for scalp procedures.

Clinical evaluation of efficacy and tolerability of cysteamine 5% cream in comparison with tranexamic acid mesotherapy in subjects with melasma: a single-blind, randomized clinical trial study.

This study was aimed at evaluating the efficacy of Tranexamic Acid (TA) mesotherapy versus cysteamine 5% cream in the treatment of melasma. This single-blind, randomized clinical trial was conducted among 54 subjects between 2018 and 2019. Cysteamine 5% cream group was instructed to apply the cream on the melasma lesions 30 min before bed for 4 consecutive months. Conversely, 0.05 mL (4 mg/mL) TA mesotherapy was performed by a physician every 4 weeks until 2 months. The severity of melasma was evaluated using both Dermacatch® device and the modified Melasma Area Severity Index (mMASI). The most remarkable improvement rate was observed in the TA group at the third visit based on mMASI and Dermacatch® values at 47% and 15% in turn. The mMASI scores were substantially improved in both groups at the second visit (cysteamine vs TA 8.48 ± 2.34 and 7.03 ± 3.19; P = 0.359) and third visit (cysteamine vs TA 6.32 ± 2.11 and 5.52 ± 2.55; P = 0.952) as compared to baseline (cysteamine vs TA: 11.68 ± 2.70 and 10.43 ± 2.69). Dermacatch® values were significantly declined at the second and third visits (cysteamine vs TA 42.54 ± 12.84 and 38.75 ± 9.80, P = 0.365; 40.74 ± 12.61 and 36.17 ± 10.3, P = 0.123, respectively) compared with baseline (cysteamine vs TA 45.76 ± 13.41 and 42.41 ± 10.48), although the improvement rates between two groups were not significantly different. Findings suggest that none of the cysteamine and TA mesotherapy treatments measured by both mMASI and Dermacatch® methods have substantial advantages over the other; however, complications are less in the cysteamine than the TA mesotherapy group.

Skin infections by Mycobacterium chelonae following mesotherapy: A report of two cases and review of the literature.

Mesotherapy is sometimes responsible for dermal and subcutaneous infections caused by nontuberculous mycobacteria. Mycobacterium chelonae, M abscessus, and M fortuitum are usually involved. We present two cases of deep skin infections caused by M chelonae following mesotherapy. A review of the literature is included.

Effect of mesotherapy with nanochip in the treatment of facial rejuvenation.

Objective: To observe the clinical effect of mesotherapy with nanochip for facial rejuvenation.Methods: 24 volunteers with aging skin were treated with a polycomponent formulation - NCTF® BOOST 135 HA for 5 times (once weekly for 3 times and successively biweekly for 2 times). Photographs were taken by VISIA at baseline, and after 1, 4, 10 weeks, while global scores for photoaging (GSP), improvement scores, volunteers' satisfaction, parameters describing the properties of the skin, and adverse effects were assessed during each follow-up period.Results: Total 20 volunteers completed the treatment. Evaluation of the whole face showed that GSP, skin texture (ophthalmic wrinkles, dermal thickness, and intensity of collagen fibers of skin), and skin brightness (Lab value) significantly improved at 4 weeks compared to baseline, while the difference between 4 and 10 weeks was not statistically significant. No evident improvement was observed in pigmented spots, telangiectasia, skin tightening, trans-epidermal water loss (TEWL), and skin hydration. Slight erythema, pain was the most common side effect.Conclusion: Mesotherapy with nanochip can improve skin texture and brightness, but the effect is not permanent. It is recommended that the treatment be used as a complementary method for patients with facial rejuvenation needs.

A rare case of Spinal Epidural Abscess following mesotherapy: a challenging diagnosis and the importance of clinical risk management. Considerations concerning uncommon risk factor for development of Spinal Epidural Abscess and its prevention.

Spinal Epidural Abscess (SEA) is a rare pyogenic infection localized between dura mater and vertebral periostium. The development of SEA is associated with the presence of medical co-morbidities and risk factors that facilitate bacterial dissemination. It is possible distinguish two type of SEA: primary SEA due to pathogen hematogenous dissemination and secondary SEA resulting from direct inoculation of pathogen. This entity, very uncommon, shows a prevalence peak between the 5th and the 7th decade of life with predominance in males. The case is a 44 years old Caucasian man with chronic low back pain, treated with physiotherapy and anti-inflammatory drugs. Following an episode of acute severe exacerbation of pain, the patient underwent four session of dorsal and lumbo-sacral area mesotherapy. One month after the last session, the patient experienced acute sever lumbar pain, radiated to left lower limb and accompanied by fever and vomiting. During hospitalization, elevated levels of white blood cells and C Reactive Protein (CRP) were found. Moreover, a vertebral magnetic resonance imaging revealed the presence of intramedullary lesion. Furthermore, methicillin sensitive staphylococcus aureus was isolated from three blood cultures and antibiotic therapy was performed. In our case the patient had the typical SEA onset, without any specific risk factors excepting the execution of four session of mesotherapy. Aim of this study is to explain risk factors for the SEA development and to clarify how act as preventive measure, because also acupuncture can promote bacterial infection.

Case for diagnosis. Noninfectious suppurative panniculitis induced by mesotherapy with deoxycholate.

A 28-year-old white female patient presented with multiple erythematous-to-violaceous, painful, suppurative nodules on the buttocks and thighs that appeared after two weeks of mesotherapy with deoxycholate, caffeine, sunflower liposomes, and sinetrol for localized fat. She was treated for atypical mycobacteriosis, but with no satisfactory response after antibiotic therapy. Bacterial, mycobacterial, and fungal culture were all negative. Histopathologic examination of the biopsy showed noninfectious suppurative panniculitis. It resolved after treatment with methotrexate, prednisone, and hydroxychloroquine. This report highlights the rarity of this complication, the importance of its early recognition, and differentiation with atypical fast growing mycobacterioses.

Case for diagnosis. Noninfectious suppurative panniculitis induced by mesotherapy with deoxycholate

Abstract A 28-year-old white female patient presented with multiple erythematous-to-violaceous, painful, suppurative nodules on the buttocks and thighs that appeared after two weeks of mesotherapy with deoxycholate, caffeine, sunflower liposomes, and sinetrol for localized fat. She was treated for atypical mycobacteriosis, but with no satisfactory response after antibiotic therapy. Bacterial, mycobacterial, and fungal culture were all negative. Histopathologic examination of the biopsy showed noninfectious suppurative panniculitis. It resolved after treatment with methotrexate, prednisone, and hydroxychloroquine. This report highlights the rarity of this complication, the importance of its early recognition, and differentiation with atypical fast growing mycobacterioses.